Frequent nappy changes protect delicate newborn skin, and simple cord care helps the stump dry and fall off safely — usually within 1–2 weeks.
How often to change
Change as soon as baby wets or soils the nappy. Newborns may need 10–12 changes a day; older babies often need around 6–8. Leaving wee or poo against the skin invites nappy rash.
A calm changing routine
- Wash your hands and lay out a mat, warm water or fragrance-free alcohol-free wipes, a clean nappy, and a bag for waste.
- Change on the floor when possible so baby cannot fall if you look away briefly.
- Clean the whole nappy area, including skin folds. Wipe girls front to back. For boys, clean around the penis and scrotum without pulling back the foreskin.
- Let the skin air for a moment if the room is warm, then dry gently and apply a thin barrier cream if needed.
- Wash your hands again when finished.
Umbilical cord care
Keep the stump clean and dry. Fold the nappy below the belly button so it does not rub the cord. Clean with plain water only if wee or poo touches it, then dry well. Do not pull the stump or cover it with creams unless a clinician advises it.
When to seek help
Contact your midwife, health visitor, or GP if the cord area smells strongly, becomes red or swollen, oozes pus, or bleeds, or if your baby develops a fever or feeds poorly.
Based on NHS nappy-changing advice and UK Healthier Together / NHS Trust umbilical cord care guidance.
